US3918963A - Addition agent for molten metals and process for making the same - Google Patents
Addition agent for molten metals and process for making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3918963A US3918963A US481546A US48154674A US3918963A US 3918963 A US3918963 A US 3918963A US 481546 A US481546 A US 481546A US 48154674 A US48154674 A US 48154674A US 3918963 A US3918963 A US 3918963A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- weight
- porous material
- binder
- particle size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 semicoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Definitions
- An addition agent for adding an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to a molten metal bath for example for the addition of magnesium to a molten iron bath in the production of nodular cast iron in which the graphite is spheroidal in the as-cast condition, comprises briquettes of 5-50 percent by weight of the inoculant metal of a particle size 0.1 to 3 mm.. 50-80 percent by weight of a porous material such as semicoke, coke or graphite having a particle size of 0.1 to 3 mm., and l025 percent by weight of a binder such as coal-tar pitch, coal-tar. or petrochemical pitch or bitumen.
- the inoculant metal and porous material are first admixed and then homogenized with the binder at a temperature of 80130C.. after which briquetting is conducted.
- the briquettes are then heated from ISO-250C for 15 to 90 minutes to harden them. and 11121:" be further heated for that period of time at 250990C to bake them 7 Claims, N0 Drawings ADDITION AGENT FOR MOLTEN METALS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING THE SAME addition agents and processes, for the addition in a conl0 trolled manner to a molten metallic bath, of metals which are relatively volatile and/or easily oxidized and- /or violently reactive with the metal bath.
- Another object of the present invention is the provision of such addition agents which will be relatively simple and inexpensive to produce and reliable in result when used, and to provide such processes for the production thereof which will be easy to practice and dependable in result.
- the objects of the present invention are achieved by providing an addition agent and a process for producing the same, usable in various pyrometallurgical operations such as hot metal desulfurization and the nodularization of cast iron, in which particles of the reactive metal and particles of a porous material are admixed with each other and then with a binder, and then heated.
- the resulting product is uniform both dimensionally and compositionally and is not subject to the drawbacks and disadvantages recited above.
- the invention comprises the formation of a mixture consisting essentially of particles of the active material and particles of the porous support material which is then admixed with a binder, followed by briquetting of the mixture. The briquetted mixture is then heated. Thereafter, if required, the briquettes are baked.
- composition by weight of the product can be as follows:
- Metal S50% Porous material 50-80Z Binder l0-25k Homogenization and briquetting of the mixture can be conducted between and 130C; Subsequent heating of the briquettes takes place between [50 and 250 C. and for a time between 15 and minutes. Baking of the briquettes, if carried out, can be performed at a temperature in a range of 250-900C. and for the same time period.
- the metal may be alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, or in general, any metal which is added to a molten metal bath and which has, relative to the bath, great volatility and/or a high tendency toward oxidization and/or violent reactivity with the bath. Examples are sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and strontium.
- the metal may be in the form of pure metal or an alloy thereof.
- the particle size is between 0.1 and 3 mm.
- the bath itself may be any of the molten metal baths encountered in pyrometallurgy, and will ordinarily be ferrous, e.g., iron, nickel, cobalt or an alloy thereof.
- the porous material may be semi-coke, coke, graphite, or any similar compound or substance which has sufficient porosity and mechanical strength.
- the particle size may be 0.1 to 3 mm.
- the binder may be coal tar pitch, coal tar, pitch or bitumen of petrochemical origin or mixtures of these in various proportions.
- Horn genization with the mixed particles of the active metal and the porous material is carried out for example in a masticator at a temperature between 80 and C. but which ordinarily will not exceed by more than 50C. the softening temperature of the binder.
- a mixture is formed of 60 parts by weight of semicoke of particle size from 0.3 to 1 mm. and 20 parts by weight of magnesium particles of particle size from 0.1 to 0.3 mm. it is admixed in a masticator with 20 parts by weight of coal tar pitch having a softening point of 435C, at a temperature of 90C. for 10 minutes.
- the mixture thus obtained was briquetted in a press to obtain spherical briquettes 32 mm. in diameter.
- the briquettes were then hardened by exposure for 30 minutes in a current of air at 200C. with a flow rate of Nl/h.
- the hardened briquettes were then baked by exposure for 30 minutes in a current of hydrogen having a temperature of 700C. and a flow rate of 150 Nl/h.
- the briquettes obtained showed the following properties at various stages:
- the briquetted addition agent thus obtained is useful in ferrous metallurgy as an addition agent for inoculating a bath of molten iron in a production of cast iron containing nodular or spheroidal graphite in the as-cast condition.
- An addition agent for the inoculation of a molten metal bath consisting essentially of to 50 percent by weight of a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal having a particle size 0.l to 3 mm., 50 to 80 percent by weight of a porous material having a particle size of 0.1 to 3 mm., said porous material being selected from the group consist- 4 ing of semi-coke, coke and graphite, and l0 to 25 percent by weight of a binder which secures said metal particles and said porous material particles together in a briquette.
- a method of producing an addition agent for inoculation of a molten metal bath comprising admixing 5 to 50 parts by weight of a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal having a particle size of O.l to 3 mm., 50 to parts by weight of a porous mate rial having a particle size of 0. l to 3 mm., said porous material being selected from the group consisting of semi-coke, coke and graphite, and 10 to 25 parts by weight of a thermoplastic binder, at a temperature of 80 to C, briquetting the mixture to form solid bodies thereof, and heating the briquettes at a temperature from about to about 250C. for a time from about 15 minutes to about 90 minutes.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT50929/73A IT988276B (it) | 1973-06-20 | 1973-06-20 | Procedimento per la produzione di materiali compositi per il tratta mento di metalli fusi |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3918963A true US3918963A (en) | 1975-11-11 |
Family
ID=11274105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US481546A Expired - Lifetime US3918963A (en) | 1973-06-20 | 1974-06-20 | Addition agent for molten metals and process for making the same |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3918963A (en]) |
| JP (1) | JPS5033111A (en]) |
| AT (1) | AT352156B (en]) |
| BE (1) | BE816473A (en]) |
| DE (2) | DE7421011U (en]) |
| FR (1) | FR2234372B1 (en]) |
| GB (1) | GB1428320A (en]) |
| IT (1) | IT988276B (en]) |
| NL (1) | NL180234C (en]) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1156708B (it) * | 1978-04-21 | 1987-02-04 | Italsider Spa Nuova | Perfezionamento al processo di preparazione di materiali compositi per il trattamento di metalli fusi e manufatti cosi' ottenuti |
| JPS6367121U (en]) * | 1986-10-21 | 1988-05-06 | ||
| ES2249172B1 (es) * | 2004-09-06 | 2007-05-01 | Batz, S. Coop. | Freno de mano de estacionamiento para vehiculos con palanca abatible. |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2881068A (en) * | 1952-04-28 | 1959-04-07 | Wargons Ab | Method of treating a ferrous melt with a porous sintered metal body impregnated with a treating agent |
| US3656989A (en) * | 1969-03-19 | 1972-04-18 | Foseco Int | Production of metal-impregnated porous coke materials |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1012529A (en]) * | 1952-07-22 | |||
| FR1077890A (fr) * | 1952-05-29 | 1954-11-12 | Perfectionnements aux procédés pour la fabrication de briquettes, notamment de celles servant à l'addition de métaux facilement oxydables ou volatils à des bains de métaux en fusion |
-
1973
- 1973-06-20 IT IT50929/73A patent/IT988276B/it active
-
1974
- 1974-06-12 GB GB2610374A patent/GB1428320A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-17 NL NLAANVRAGE7408091,A patent/NL180234C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-17 BE BE6044648A patent/BE816473A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-19 FR FR7421251A patent/FR2234372B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 DE DE7421011U patent/DE7421011U/de not_active Expired
- 1974-06-20 JP JP49069744A patent/JPS5033111A/ja active Pending
- 1974-06-20 AT AT512574A patent/AT352156B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-20 US US481546A patent/US3918963A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-06-20 DE DE19742429487 patent/DE2429487B2/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2881068A (en) * | 1952-04-28 | 1959-04-07 | Wargons Ab | Method of treating a ferrous melt with a porous sintered metal body impregnated with a treating agent |
| US3656989A (en) * | 1969-03-19 | 1972-04-18 | Foseco Int | Production of metal-impregnated porous coke materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2234372B1 (en]) | 1977-10-07 |
| NL7408091A (en]) | 1974-12-24 |
| DE7421011U (de) | 1978-05-03 |
| AT352156B (de) | 1979-09-10 |
| JPS5033111A (en]) | 1975-03-31 |
| DE2429487A1 (de) | 1975-03-27 |
| FR2234372A1 (en]) | 1975-01-17 |
| NL180234C (nl) | 1987-01-16 |
| GB1428320A (en) | 1976-03-17 |
| IT988276B (it) | 1975-04-10 |
| DE2429487B2 (de) | 1977-03-24 |
| ATA512574A (de) | 1979-02-15 |
| NL180234B (nl) | 1986-08-18 |
| BE816473A (fr) | 1974-10-16 |
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